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| Basketball Playbook > |
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Open Key Offensive Patterns
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Special Note: This play originally appeared in the March 1974 edition of "The Coaching Clinic", a monthly publication published by Prentice-Hall, Inc. It was submitted by my dad, Jim Alfonso, back when he was a freshman boys coach (he is now recently retired after many successful years as a track coach, referee, and history/physical education teacher ... as well as being a successful husband and father!). Here is the "About the Author" as printed in the publication:
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Jim Alfonso is a graduate of Winona State (Minnesota) College and coached basketball at Princeton (Wisconsin) High School and Pembine (Wisconsin) High School before coming to Antigo (Wisconsin) High School as assistant basketball coach in charge of the freshman squad. His two-year record is 18-6. The head varsity coach, John Nicholas, in his first year at Antigo, won the conference title and qualified for the state tournament.
Coaching basketball at the freshman level in high school poses some unique challenges. In our program at Antigo (Wisconsin) High School, we bring together boys from nine different eighth-grade teams in the district. Our primary goals are twofold: prepare each boy for junior varsity and varsity competition, and instill a winning habit.
Note: Our average turnout is between 40 and 45 boys each year, and we do not cut to squad. We feel that the offensive patterns presented here will help teach sound fundamentals and meet our goals.
Advantages
The following are some advantages of these open key offensive patterns:
- Various parts of the offense can be used as two- and three-man drills for both offensive and defensive development.
- It provides for numerous 1-on-1 and 2-on-2 situations.
- It teaches the fundamentals of the 1-on-1, screen-and-roll, and give-and-go.
- It offers good rebounding strength.
- It offers an opportunity for all players to shoot.
- The offense can be easily made into a continuity offense.
- With minor adjustments, it can be used against many zone defenses.
- Another important consideration is that when used as a continuity offense, it gives the players a chance to play different positions. This is important at this level of basketball because of the changing physical development of boys. As an example, we've had a 5'8" guard become a 6'2" varsity center and a 6' freshman forward become a 6' varsity guard.
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1)
Basic Formation
The basic formation is shown in Diagram 1. The point man (1) is at the top of the free-throw circle. The wing men (2 and 3) are about at the free-throw line extended. The deep men (4 and 5) are near the base line and the free-throw lane.
Note: The exact position is determined by the type of defense and the pressure the defense uses.
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2)
Inside Series
In Diagram 2, 1 passes to 3 and follows him to set a screen for 3, and then rolls to the basket. Player 3 can use the screen for a shot or begin a drive to his left to pass off to 1 if he is open. Player 3 may be able to drive to the free-throw line or deeper for a shot.
If 3 does not pass to 1 or drive, he passes to 5, who makes a quick break out and up toward the ball. Player 5 faces the basket and looks for his shot or a drive. If 5 is not open, 4 comes off the screen set by 1, across the lane toward 5. If 4 gets the ball, he works for a quick shot. If not, he crosses out of the lane.
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3)
Options: At this point, 4 has two options: he and 5 can work a screen-and-roll, or 5 can pass to him and break to the basket for a return pass as in Diagram 3.
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4)
If 5 does not get the ball to 4, he passes out to 3. Player 1 moves up the outside of the lane and 2 sets a screen for 1 at about the free-throw line. Player 1 comes off the screen by 2, gets a pass from 3, and shoots from the free-throw line (Diagram 4).
Note: Player 4 goes back across the lane to assume rebound position. Players 1, 2, and 3 could also start a weave from this position.
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5)
Reversal
Diagrams 5 and 6 show a modification of the inside series to use against many zone defenses. In Diagram 5, the point man, 1, passes to 3, and instead of setting a screen for 3, 1 goes straight down the middle toward 4.
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6)
The wing man, 3, fakes a pass to 5, then reverses the play by passing to 2 who has taken the top. Player 2 then passes to 1, who comes from behind 4 (Diagram 6). If the passes are quick, sharp ones, 1 should have a good shot. Player 1 could also pass inside to 4.
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7)
Double Side Screen
In Diagram 7, play is started when 1 dribbles toward 2; this tells 2 to go deep and screen for 4. Player 1 passes to 4, who faces the basket for a possible shot. If 4 does not shoot, he can pass to 5 who is coming off a screen by 3. Player 5 should have a short shot.
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8)
Options: If 4 does not shoot or pass to 5, he has two options: In Diagram 8, when 5 does not get the ball from 4, he moves beyond the free-throw line. Player 4 passes to 1 and works a screen-and-roll with 5.
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9)
Options (continued): Diagram 9 shows the second option. Player 2 breaks to the outside to receive the ball from 4. Player 4 makes a quick break for the basket. Player 2 can shoot or work the give-and-go with 4. Player 5 follows 4 to rebound or possibly get a pass from 2 if 4 does not get the ball.
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10)
Side Series
Wing man 3 is bringing the ball up the floor and continues his dribble toward the base line. This begins the side series as in Diagram 10.
When player 5 sees that 3 is dribbling toward the base line, he moves up to set a screen for him. If the defense does not pick up 3, he can move in close for a shot. If the defense does pick up 3, he passes of to 5, who, after setting the screen, rolls to the basket.
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11)
If 5 does not get the ball from 3, he sets a screen for 4, who crosses the lane looking for a pass from 3. Player 2 fakes and moves toward the free-throw line and a break down to the basket. This move by 2 is delayed. Player 3 can pass to 2 driving to the basket, or pass out to 1 (Diagram 11).
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12)
If the ball goes to 1, 2 clears out of the lane to the 5 spot and 5 moves up to the 2 spot to maintain floor balance. This pattern works well against some zone defenses with a small modification (Diagram 12). After having run the pattern as in Diagrams 10 and 11 and a shot is not taken, player 3 initiates the "reversal". Player 3 passes to 1, who quickly passes to 2 who is coming around a pick by 5.
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13)
Other Instances
In some instances, 1 initiates the pattern by passing to one of the wings and going through the middle. At other times, 1 may pass to the wings and not go through. This initiates a give-and-go pattern. Then, too, the ball may be brought up the floor by one of the wings and he can start a different pattern as in Diagram 13.
Wing man 3 has the ball and 4 makes his fake, breaking toward the ball. He should receive the ball just beyond the free-throw line. He looks for his shot or a 1-on-1. Player 2 delays, then breaks for the basket for a pass from 4.
If 2 receives the ball, 3, 4, and 5 go in to rebound. If 4 can't shoot or pass to 2, he passes out to 1 or 2 and assumes 2's place. Player 5 crosses the lane to fill the 4 spot.
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14)
Diagram 14 shows their positions after the movement.
Conclusion
The select group of patterns presented here has worked for us; I'm sure there are others. We allow some free-lance to develop from each pattern, and at times in a game we'll encourage it. A controlled free-lance encourages the players to look for an open man and causes those without the ball to move to an open area of the floor.
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